Stock Market

Do you, personally, or jointly with a spouse, have any money invested in the stock market right now -- either in an individual stock, a stock mutual fund, or in a self-directed 401(k) or IRA?

	Yes	No	No opinion
	%	%	%
2024 Apr 1-22	62	37	1
2023 Apr 3-25	61	38	1
2022 Apr 1-19	58	41	1
2021 Apr 1-Jul 21	56	43	1
2020 Apr 1-14	55	45	*
2020 Mar 13-22	55	44	1
2019 Apr 1-9	55	44	1
2018 Apr 2-11	55	43	1
2017 Apr 5-9	54	45	2
2016 Apr 6-10	52	46	1
2015 Apr 9-12	55	44	1
2014 Apr 3-6	54	45	2
2014 Jan 5-8	54	44	1
2013 Apr 4-14	52	47	1
2012 Apr 9-12	53	46	1
2011 Aug 11-14	59	41	1
2011 Apr 7-11	54	45	1
2010 Apr 8-11	56	43	1
2009 Dec 11-13	61	37	2
2009 Apr 6-9	57	42	1
2008 Dec 12-14	58	41	1
2008 Sep 26-27	61	38	1
2008 Apr 6-9	62	37	1
2008 Jan 30-Feb 2	63	36	1
2007 Apr 2-5	65	34	1
2007 Mar 2-4	58	40	2
2006 Oct 6-8	63	35	1
2006 Apr 10-13	61	38	1
2005 Apr 4-7	62	38	*
2005 Mar 18-20	60	39	1
2004 Apr 5-8	61	38	1
2004 Jan 2-5	65	34	1
2003 Jun 9-10	61	37	2
2003 Apr 7-9	60	39	1
2003 Jan 10-12	62	37	1
2002 Oct 3-6	59	40	1
2002 Jul 29-31	66	34	*
2002 Jul 26-28	63	35	2
2002 Jul 22-24	56	43	1
2002 Jul 5-8	60	39	1
2002 Jun 28-30	67	33	*
2001 Aug 3-5	61	38	1
2001 Apr 6-8	62	36	2
2001 Mar 14 ^	64	35	1
2000 May 5-7	54	44	2
2000 Apr 7-9	62	37	1
2000 Mar 10-12	61	37	2
2000 Jan 7-10	61	38	1
1999 Oct 21-24	60	39	1
1999 Sep 10-14	57	42	1
1999 Jun 4-5	57	42	1
1999 Apr 30-May 2	58	40	2
1999 Mar 12-14	61	39	*
1998 Sep 1 ^	60	39	1
* Less than 0.5%
麻豆传媒AV

Which of the following do you think is the best long-term investment -- [ROTATED: bonds, real estate, savings accounts or CDs, stocks or mutual funds, gold, (or) cryptocurrency]?

	Real estate	Stocks/Mutual funds	Gold	Savings accounts/CDs	Crypto-currency	Bonds	Other (vol.)/No opinion
	%	%	%	%		%	%
2024 Apr 1-22	36	22	18	13	4	3	4
2023 Apr 3-25 ^	38	15	25	9	4	7	*
2022 Apr 1-19^	45	18	15	10	8	3	1
^ Asked of a half sample
麻豆传媒AV

When you retire, how much do you expect to rely on each of the following sources of money -- will it be a major source of income, a minor source of income or not a source at all? How about -- A 401(k), IRA, Keogh or other retirement savings account?

Based on nonretirees

	Major source	Minor source	Not a source	No opinion
	%	%	%	%
2024 Apr 1-22	49	29	19	3
2023 Apr 3-25	48	30	21	*
2022 Apr 1-19	51	28	21	*
2021 Apr 1-21	49	31	19	1
2020 Apr 1-14	53	27	20	*
2019 Apr 1-9	47	33	20	1
2018 Apr 2-11	46	28	24	2
2017 Apr 5-9	50	30	18	3
2016 Apr 6-10	46	32	18	4
2015 Apr 9-12	49	30	19	3
2014 Apr 3-6	48	30	21	2
2013 Apr 4-14	46	29	22	3
2012 Apr 9-12	46	31	22	2
2011 Apr 7-11	46	30	21	2
2010 Apr 8-11	45	31	23	1
2009 Apr 6-9	42	31	25	2
2008 Apr 6-9	54	29	15	2
2007 Apr 2-5	52	29	17	2
2006 Apr 10-13	47	31	19	2
2005 Apr 4-7	49	33	17	1
2004 Apr 5-8	54	28	18	*
2003 Apr 7-9	47	34	17	2
2002 Apr 8-11	53	28	16	3
2001 Apr 6-8	58	26	15	1
* Less than 0.5%
麻豆传媒AV

When you retire, how much do you expect to rely on each of the following sources of money -- will it be a major source of income, a minor source of income or not a source at all? How about -- Individual stock or stock mutual fund investments?

Based on nonretirees

	Major source	Minor source	Not a source	No opinion
	%	%	%	%
2024 Apr 1-22	21	38	38	3
2023 Apr 3-25	22	37	40	*
2022 Apr 1-19	21	38	40	*
2021 Apr 1-21	20	41	38	*
2020 Apr 1-14	21	41	38	*
2019 Apr 1-9	22	36	41	1
2018 Apr 2-11	19	33	46	2
2017 Apr 5-9	18	37	43	2
2016 Apr 6-10	18	40	40	2
2015 Apr 9-12	20	41	36	3
2014 Apr 3-6	20	37	41	2
2013 Apr 4-14	18	36	45	1
2012 Apr 9-12	17	36	45	2
2011 Apr 7-11	22	35	41	2
2010 Apr 8-11	20	34	45	1
2009 Apr 6-9	17	38	43	1
2008 Apr 6-9	17	47	34	2
2007 Apr 2-5	24	39	35	2
2006 Apr 10-13	19	41	38	2
2005 Apr 4-7	21	41	37	1
2004 Apr 5-8	20	41	38	1
2003 Apr 7-9	20	42	36	2
2002 Apr 8-11	23	43	32	2
2001 Apr 6-8	24	39	36	1
* Less than 0.5%
麻豆传媒AV

How much do you rely on each of the following sources of income today -- is it a major source of income, a minor source of income or not a source at all? How about -- A 401(k), IRA, Keogh or other retirement savings account?

Based on retirees

	Major source	Minor source	Not a source	No opinion
	%	%	%	%
2024 Apr 1-22	23	30	44	3
2023 Apr 3-25	27	33	39	1
2022 Apr 1-19	24	31	44	1
2021 Apr 1-21	35	26	39	1
2020 Apr 1-14	31	31	36	2
2019 Apr 1-9	31	30	39	1
2018 Apr 2-11	27	34	38	*
2017 Apr 5-9	24	35	38	3
2016 Apr 6-10	22	29	46	3
2015 Apr 9-12	25	30	43	2
2014 Apr 3-6	22	27	47	4
2013 Apr 4-14	23	27	48	1
2012 Apr 9-12	24	28	45	3
2011 Apr 7-11	24	31	43	2
2010 Apr 8-11	22	29	47	2
2009 Apr 6-9	20	30	48	2
2008 Apr 6-9	20	30	46	5
2007 Apr 2-5	23	28	47	2
2006 Apr 10-13	21	29	48	2
2005 Apr 4-7	21	29	46	4
2004 Apr 5-8	20	27	50	3
2003 Apr 7-9	20	26	51	3
2002 Apr 8-11	19	23	56	2
* Less than 0.5%
麻豆传媒AV

How much do you rely on each of the following sources of income today -- is it a major source of income, a minor source of income or not a source at all? How about -- Individual stock or stock mutual fund investments?

Based on retirees

	Major source	Minor source	Not a source	No opinion
	%	%	%	%
2024 Apr 1-22	17	24	55	3
2023 Apr 3-25	14	32	52	1
2022 Apr 1-19	16	28	56	1
2021 Apr 1-21	24	29	47	1
2020 Apr 1-14	12	29	56	3
2019 Apr 1-9	17	31	50	1
2018 Apr 2-11	15	30	54	1
2017 Apr 5-9	18	31	49	2
2016 Apr 6-10	14	26	57	3
2015 Apr 9-12	14	26	58	2
2014 Apr 3-6	11	24	62	3
2013 Apr 4-14	13	28	57	2
2012 Apr 9-12	15	27	57	1
2011 Apr 7-11	11	30	57	2
2010 Apr 8-11	14	24	61	1
2009 Apr 6-9	11	28	58	2
2008 Apr 6-9	11	29	58	2
2007 Apr 2-5	16	27	55	2
2006 Apr 10-13	10	26	62	2
2005 Apr 4-7	12	32	53	3
2004 Apr 5-8	10	26	62	2
2003 Apr 7-9	12	27	57	4
2002 Apr 8-11	15	31	52	2
* Less than 0.5%
麻豆传媒AV

Which of the following do you think is the best long-term investment -- bonds, real estate, savings accounts or CDs, stocks or mutual funds, or gold?

	Real estate	Stocks/Mutual funds	Gold	Savings accounts/CDs	Bonds	Other (vol.)/No opinion
	%	%	%	%	%	%
National adults
2023 Apr 3-25 ^	34	26	18	13	7	2	1
2022 Apr 1-19 ^	45	24	15	9	4	4
2021 Apr 1-21	41	26	18	9	3	1
2020 Apr 1-14	35	21	16	17	8	3
2019 Apr 1-9	35	27	14	15	5	2
2018 Apr 2-11	34	26	17	15	6	3
2017 Apr 5-9	34	26	18	13	5	5
2016 Apr 6-10	35	22	17	15	7	3
2015 Apr 9-12	31	25	19	15	6	5
2014 Apr 3-6	30	24	24	14	6	3
2013 Apr 4-7	25	22	24	16	9	5
2012 Apr 9-12 ^	20	19	28	19	8	6
2011 Aug 11-14	19	17	34	14	10	6
Stock owners
2023 Apr 3-25 ^	36	25	24	7	7	1
2022 Apr 1-19	49	26	13	5	3	4
2021 Apr 1-21	41	32	14	9	4	1
2020 Apr 1-14	38	30	12	13	6	1
2019 Apr 1-9	38	37	9	9	4	3
2018 Apr 2-11	37	35	11	9	6	1
2017 Apr 5-9	34	34	14	9	6	3
2016 Apr 6-10	37	32	12	11	6	3
2015 Apr 9-12	31	35	17	9	5	5
2014 Apr 3-6	32	34	19	9	6	1
2013 Apr 4-7	25	31	24	9	8	3
2012 Apr 9-12 ^	20	24	26	14	8	7
2011 Aug 11-14	17	26	34	11	9	4
^ Asked of a half sample; (vol.)=volunteered response
麻豆传媒AV

Which of the following do you think is the best long-term investment -- bonds, real estate, savings accounts or CDs, or stocks or mutual funds?

	Real estate	Stocks/Mutual funds	Savings accounts/CDs	Bonds	Other (vol.)	No opinion
	%	%	%	%	%	%
National adults
2012 Apr 9-12 ^	31	26	24	14	3	2
2011 Apr 7-11	33	24	24	12	3	5
2010 Apr 8-11	29	22	28	14	3	4
2009 Apr 6-9	33	15	34	12	2	5
2008 Sep 26-27	26	23	31	13	2	6
2008 Apr 6-9	27	27	29	12	2	3
2007 Apr 2-5	37	31	18	10	1	2
2002 Jul 29-31	50	18	16	13	1	2
Stock owners
2012 Apr 9-12 ^	29	38	14	15	3	2
2011 Apr 7-11	32	34	19	9	3	2
2010 Apr 8-11	29	32	21	14	2	2
2009 Apr 6-9	33	20	31	12	2	2
2008 Sep 26-27	26	30	26	13	2	3
2008 Apr 6-9	28	35	22	13	1	2
2007 Apr 2-5	36	43	11	9	1	1
2002 Jul 29-31	53	22	11	12	1	1
^ Asked of a half sample; (vol.)=volunteered response
麻豆传媒AV

If you had a thousand dollars to spend, do you think investing it in the stock market would be a good or bad idea?

	Good idea	Bad idea	Depends (vol.)	No opinion
	%	%	%	%
2020 Apr 1-14	48	49	2	*
2014 Jan 5-8	46	50	2	2
2009 Dec 11-13	43	54	2	1
2008 Apr 6-9	33	62	3	2
2007 Apr 2-5	50	46	2	3
2006 Oct 6-8	54	41	2	2
2006 Apr 10-13	43	50	4	4
2005 Apr 4-7	45	51	2	2
2004 Apr 5-8	47	48	3	2
2004 Jan 2-5	53	43	2	2
2003 Jun 9-10	41	57	1	1
2003 Apr 7-9	34	63	2	1
2002 Jul 29-31	37	58	3	2
2002 Jul 22-24	31	63	3	3
2002 Jun 21-23	45	51	2	2
2002 Apr 8-11	47	48	3	2
2001 Apr 6-8	42	53	2	3
2001 Jan 10-14	42	53	3	2
2000 Dec 2-4	46	49	2	3
2000 Oct 13-14	57	36	2	5
2000 Jan 7-10	67	28	2	3
1999 Oct 21-24	51	44	2	3
1999 Sep 10-14	60	33	3	4
1999 June 4-5	60	34	3	3
1999 Mar 12-14	59	35	3	3
1998 Sep 1	46	48	3	3
1998 Apr 17-19	65	28	4	3
1997 Oct 30	46	47	3	4
1997 Oct 27	53	43	1	9
1997 Jul 25-27	62	33	1	4
1994 Mar 9-10	38	46	9	7
1990 Feb	26	68	2	4
(vol.)=volunteered response
麻豆传媒AV

Thinking ahead to a year from now, do you think the stock market will be [ROTATED: much higher, somewhat higher, about the same, somewhat lower (or) much lower] than it is today?

	Much higher	Somewhat higher	About the same	Somewhat lower	Much lower	No opinion
	%	%	%	%	%	%
2014 Jan 5-8	6	29	39	13	8	5
2009 Dec 11-13	7	45	32	10	4	3
2002 Jul 29-31	11	47	28	7	3	4
2002 Jul 26-28	7	45	26	13	4	5
2002 Jun 28-30	5	29	38	19	6	3
2001 Apr 6-8	10	44	29	9	4	4
2001 Jan 10-14	5	29	34	19	6	7
麻豆传媒AV

In the past year, have you taken any money out of the stock market and put it elsewhere, or not? (Asked of those who have taken money out of the stock market) Have you taken all of your money out of the stock market, or only some of it?

Combined responses

	National adults	Own/Owned Stock in past year
	%	%
Yes, taken money out	14	23
(Taken all money out)	(5)	(8)
(Taken some money out)	(9)	(15)
No, not taken money out	48	76
Have not owned stock	37	--
No opinion	1	1
Dec. 12-14, 2008
麻豆传媒AV

In the past year, would you say you have -- [ROTATED: lost a lot of money in the stock market, lost a little money (or) not lost any money in the stock market]?

Based on those who have owned stock in the past year

	Lost a lot	Lost a little	Not lost any	No opinion
	%	%	%	%
2008 Dec 12-14	48	39	12	1
麻豆传媒AV

As a result of the problems on Wall Street in recent weeks, have you taken money out of the stock market, seriously considered doing so or not seriously considered doing so?

Based on stock owners

	Taken money out	Seriously considered	Not seriously considered	No opinion
	%	%	%	%
2008 Sep 26-27	8	20	70	1
麻豆传媒AV

Thinking now about foreign stocks and mutual funds, which invest in companies that are based in foreign countries, when Americans invest in foreign stocks, do you think that is -- [ROTATED: good for the U.S. economy, does not have much of an effect either way or is bad for the U.S. economy]?

	Good for economy	No effect	Bad for economy	No opinion
	%	%	%	%
2007 Mar 2-4	32	24	32	12
麻豆传媒AV

Looking ahead, do you think you are more likely to -- [increase, make no changes or decrease] -- the amount you invest in -- [ITEMS ROTATED]?

Based on stock owners

	Increase	Make no changes	Decrease	No opinion
	%	%	%	%
Foreign stocks
2007 Mar 2-4	12	72	12	5
Domestic stocks
2007 Mar 2-4	44	49	6	2
麻豆传媒AV

Do you, personally, have any money invested in foreign stocks right now, or not?

Based on stock owners

	Yes	No	No opinion
	%	%	%
2007 Mar 2-4	36	57	7
麻豆传媒AV

How much attention do you pay to your investments -- a great deal, a moderate amount, not much or none at all?

Based on stock owners

	A great deal	A moderate amount	Not much	None at all	No opinion
	%	%	%	%	%
2005 Mar 18-20	27	52	17	4	*
* Less than 0.5%
麻豆传媒AV

Who makes most of the decisions regarding your investments -- [RANDOM ORDER: you or your spouse, your employer (or) a financial adviser]?

Based on stock owners

	You/Spouse	Employer	Financial advisor	Other (vol.)	No opinion
	%	%	%	%	%
2005 Mar 18-20	70	7	22	1	*
* Less than 0.5%; (vol.)=volunteered response
麻豆传媒AV

Are you comfortable -- or uncomfortable -- with the idea of managing your own investments?

	Comfortable	Uncomfortable	No opinion
	%	%	%
2005 Mar 18-20	74	23	3
麻豆传媒AV

麻豆传媒AV

Stock Market

Related Topics Include:

Are Americans Ready for the Artificial Intelligence Revolution?

Recommended

Stocks Up, Gold Down in Americans' Best Investment Ratings

Americans' Outlook for Their Retirement Has Worsened

U.S. Stock Ownership Highest Since 2008

What Percentage of Americans Own Stock?