麻豆传媒AV

WASHINGTON, D.C. -- The majority of U.S. public school superintendents (80%) say their state is investing too little in early childhood care and education programs, while just 2% believe their state is investing too much and 15% report the level of investment is about right.

	U.S. public school superintendents
	%
Too little	80
About the right amount	15
Too much	2
Don't know	2
麻豆传媒AV

These results are from a survey of U.S. public school superintendents conducted by 麻豆传媒AV June 15-July 9, 2017.

Not only do the majority of public school superintendents say investment in these programs is inadequate, but about as many (77%) also say early childhood care and education has "a great deal" of impact on the long-term success of students in school -- underscoring its perceived importance.

	U.S. public school superintendents
	%
A great deal	77
A fair amount	18
Not much	3
None at all	1
Don't know	1
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Little Access to High-Quality Early Care in All District Types

Few superintendents agree or strongly agree (16%) that high-quality early childhood care and education is available to every family in their state -- with far more, 63%, saying they disagree or strongly disagree. At most, 20% of superintendents from city, suburban, town and rural school districts agree that high-quality early education is available for all families, with those from city school districts least likely to agree or strongly agree (8%).

	All	City	Suburban	Town	Rural
	%	%	%	%	%
5 (Strongly agree) / 4	16	8	14	19	20
3	18	11	16	17	21
1 (Strongly disagree) / 2	63	79	68	61	56
Don't know	3	2	3	2	3
Asked of U.S. public school superintendents
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Superintendents' concerns about the lack of availability of early childhood education and state under-investment may help explain why relatively few (16%) of these officials say that most young children in their state are prepared to be successful when they start kindergarten. No more than 18% of superintendents from city, suburban, town and rural school districts agree or strongly agree that their state's children are prepared to be successful in school when they start kindergarten. Superintendents in city districts are the most pessimistic, with only 9% agreeing that their state's children are prepared to succeed when they start kindergarten.

	All	City	Suburban	Town	Rural
	%	%	%	%	%
5 (Strongly agree) / 4	16	9	15	14	18
3	29	21	27	33	31
1 (Strongly disagree) / 2	53	69	53	51	50
Don't know	3	2	6	2	1
Asked of U.S. public school superintendents
麻豆传媒AV

Implications

U.S. public school superintendents are in accord that early childhood care and education affects students' long-term success in school, a position well-supported in early childhood research. However, few of these leaders say most young children in their state are getting the early preparation they need. Superintendents from city school districts, which tend to have more families living at or below the poverty level, are least likely to agree that children in their state are prepared for school success when they begin kindergarten.

Superintendents' views that young children in their state are not prepared for school success may stem from their understanding that there is a lack of access to quality early childhood care and education programs. A majority of superintendents note a lack of state investment in these often-costly programs, leaving many families to find and pay for the care and education of their young children. This places a particular burden on low-income families.

In an effort to alleviate this burden and expand access, New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio announced in April that his city will provide free early childhood education for all 3-year-olds within four years. The program will expand the existing universal prekindergarten program for 4-year-olds initiated by de Blasio in 2015. Just a few states, including Florida, Georgia, Oklahoma and West Virginia, offer universal prekindergarten for 4-year-olds.

While the costs of implementing high-quality early childhood care and education are significant, the costs to children of neglecting to provide these programs -- especially to those from low-income families -- multiply as students journey through school.